📖 Reference

Audio Gear Glossary

161 terms

Every audio term explained in plain English — with product recommendations.

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13 terms in Microphones

Phantom PowerA 48-volt DC supply sent through an XLR cable to power condenser microphones without a separate power source.Condenser MicrophoneA microphone that uses a capacitor (condenser) to convert sound into electricity — more sensitive than dynamic mics but requires phantom power.Dynamic MicrophoneA microphone that uses electromagnetic induction to convert sound into electricity — robust, no phantom power needed, and ideal for loud sources or untreated rooms.Polar PatternThe three-dimensional shape describing where a microphone picks up sound and where it rejects it.Proximity EffectThe bass boost that occurs when a directional microphone is placed very close to a sound source — used creatively by broadcasters for a warmer voice sound.Self-Noise (Equivalent Noise Level)The inherent electrical noise a microphone generates on its own, measured in dB(A) — lower is better for quiet recordings.USB MicrophoneA microphone with a built-in analog-to-digital converter that connects directly to a computer via USB — no audio interface required.Proximity EffectThe increase in bass response when a directional microphone is placed very close to the sound source — used creatively for vocal warmth.Plosive (Pop)A burst of air from 'P', 'B', 'T', and 'K' sounds that hits the microphone diaphragm and creates a low-frequency 'pop' — controlled with pop filters.SibilanceThe harsh, whistling distortion on 'S', 'SH', and 'CH' sounds — controlled with de-esser plugins or proper microphone technique.Self-NoiseThe electronic hiss produced by a microphone's own internal components — lower is better, especially for quiet sources like ASMR and acoustic instruments.Pad Switch (Attenuator)A switch on microphones and interfaces that reduces the input signal level by a fixed amount (usually −10 or −20 dB) to prevent distortion from loud sources.Polar PatternA microphone's directional sensitivity — determines which directions it picks up sound from and which it rejects.

📖 161 audio terms explained. Browse our guides for practical how-tos.